Kidney stones are mineral deposits in the renal calyces and pelvis that are found free or attached to the renal papillae. They contain crystalline and organic components and are formed when the urine ...

Rachel works as a CRNA where she provides anesthesia care across the lifespan, including pediatric anesthesia, with a primary focus on orthopedic anesthesia. She is also an Assistant Professor at the ...

While most kidney stones will pass without treatment, it’s important to discuss them with your doctor to avoid complications. An estimated 1 in 10 people will have a kidney stone diagnosis at least ...

If you’ve ever had a kidney stone, you know how painful and debilitating it can be. A sharp, stabbing pain in your lower abdomen. A dull ache spreading from your lower back to your groin. Intense ...