Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Designers of digital systems are familiar with implementing the 'leftovers' of their digital design by using FPGAs and CPLDs to glue together various processors, memories, and standard function ...

Today's analog system designers face many design challenges. Not only do designers need to select the proper integrated-circuit components, but they also must accurately predict the interactions of ...

A brushless dc motor needs several voltage levels to control its speed: 0V to stop the motor, 5V to run it at maximum speed, and some voltages between these extremes to run it slower. When you use ...

Simulating a circuit design before committing it to silicon is always the wise thing to do, since problems can be caught before they become costly mistakes. Analog designers’ familiarity with Spice 1 ...